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Disease Guide

Realistic Livestock RM includes five diseases that can infect, spread between, and kill your animals. Each disease affects specific species and has different transmission rates, fatality, and treatment options. Diseases can be toggled off entirely in settings.

Note: This documentation was generated with AI assistance and may contain inaccuracies. If you spot an error, please open an issue.


Disease Summary

Disease Species Spread Fatal Treatable Sell Price Impact
Mastitis Cow, Sheep, Goat Slow No Yes ($200) Small reduction
CVM Cow only Genetic Almost always (calves) No Moderate reduction
Foot & Mouth Cow, Sheep, Pig Moderate Yes Yes ($250) Major reduction
PED Pig only Moderate Devastating to newborns Yes ($150) Significant reduction
Avian Influenza Chicken only Fast Yes, high fatality No Severe reduction

Mastitis

Affects: Cows, Sheep, Goats (lactating females only)

Mastitis is an udder infection that stops all milk and wool production. It only affects animals that are currently lactating - non-lactating animals cannot contract it.

Parameter Value
Spread Slow - occasional transmission to nearby animals
Fatality None - never kills
Treatment $200, cured in 1 month
Natural recovery 3 months without treatment
Immunity after recovery 12 months

Impact on Production

Impact Effect
Milk / Goat milk / Wool Completely stopped
Sell price Small reduction

Management Tips

  • Treat immediately ($200) to restore production in 1 month vs waiting 3 months for natural recovery
  • After recovery, the animal is immune for 12 months
  • Only lactating animals can get it - dry cows and males are safe
  • In a large dairy herd, keep treatment funds available - mastitis is common

CVM (Complex Vertebral Malformation)

Affects: Cattle only (genetic - not contagious)

CVM is a recessive genetic disease. It doesn't spread between animals - it's inherited from parents. CVM-affected calves almost always die within the first month of life.

Parameter Value
Spread None - inherited genetically
Fatality Almost always fatal in affected calves (within first month)
Treatment None
Carrier chance from dealer Rare (about 1 in 200 cattle purchased)

Carrier Cows: The Trade-Off

CVM carriers appear healthy and suffer no ill effects. In fact, CVM carrier cows produce substantially more milk than non-carriers. This makes them extremely valuable for dairy - but also risky for breeding.

Breeding Combination Result
Non-carrier x Non-carrier 100% healthy calves
Carrier x Non-carrier 50% carriers, 50% non-carriers (all healthy)
Carrier x Carrier ~25% affected (die), 50% carriers, 25% non-carriers

Management Tips

  • Check all new cattle purchases for CVM carrier status
  • Carrier cows are excellent milk producers - keep them, but breed carefully
  • Never breed two carriers together unless you accept ~25% calf mortality
  • Breed carriers with confirmed non-carriers for safe milk bonus
  • CVM status is visible in the animal's disease panel

Foot & Mouth Disease

Affects: Cows, Sheep, Pigs

Foot & Mouth is the most widespread disease, affecting three species. It's moderately contagious and can be fatal, especially in recently infected animals.

Parameter Value
Spread Moderate - noticeable risk to nearby animals
Fatality High initially, decreasing as the animal builds resistance
Treatment $250, cured in 3 months
Natural recovery None - requires treatment
Immunity after recovery 24 months

Impact on Production

Impact Effect
Milk (cow) Severely reduced (about two-thirds less)
Wool / Goat milk Slightly reduced
Sell price Major reduction

Fatality Over Time

Time Infected Death Risk
Just infected High
After several months Moderate, declining
Long-term survivors Low but ongoing

Fatality decreases the longer the animal survives, but without treatment, chronic infection keeps draining production.

Management Tips

  • Treat as soon as possible - 3 months is a long treatment but necessary
  • No natural recovery means untreated animals stay sick indefinitely
  • Milk drops severely - devastating for dairy operations
  • Sell price is greatly reduced - selling infected animals is a significant loss
  • 24-month immunity after recovery provides long-term protection
  • Can spread across cows, sheep, and pigs in adjacent pens (same husbandry)

PED (Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea)

Affects: Pigs only

PED is devastating to young piglets - almost always fatal in newborns. Older pigs survive more easily, making this the most age-dependent disease in the mod.

Parameter Value
Spread Moderate - spreads to nearby pigs
Fatality Almost always fatal in newborns, rarely fatal in older pigs
Treatment $150, cured in 1 month
Natural recovery 3 months without treatment
Immunity after recovery 12 months

Impact on Production

Impact Effect
Liquid manure Drastically increased (diarrhea symptom)
Manure Greatly reduced
Sell price Significant reduction

Fatality by Age

Age When Infected Death Risk
Newborn (0 mo) Almost always fatal
1 month old Moderate risk
2+ months Very low - adults survive easily

PED is almost exclusively fatal in newborn piglets. Adult pigs survive easily.

Why PED Is Devastating

With pig litters of 11–16 piglets, a PED outbreak in a maternity pen can kill most of a generation in a single month. A sow producing 13 piglets might lose the vast majority of them.

Management Tips

  • Treatment is cheap ($150) and fast (1 month) - treat immediately
  • Natural recovery takes 3 months, during which piglets continue dying
  • Consider separating pregnant sows from infected animals
  • Adult pigs are essentially immune to PED fatality - focus protection on newborns
  • If PED keeps recurring, consider the diseases toggle in settings

Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)

Affects: Chickens only

Avian Flu is the fastest-spreading disease and has no treatment. Infected chickens stop producing eggs entirely and have a high fatality rate.

Parameter Value
Spread Fast - can infect multiple birds quickly
Fatality Very high initially, decreasing for survivors
Treatment None available
Natural recovery 1 month
Immunity after recovery 24 months

Impact on Production

Impact Effect
Eggs Completely stopped
Sell price Severe reduction

Fatality Over Time

Time Infected Death Risk
Just infected Very high - most birds die
After 1–2 months High
3+ months (survivors) Moderate but ongoing

Why Avian Flu Is Dangerous

  • No treatment - you can only wait for natural recovery (1 month)
  • Fast spread - in a large pen, multiple birds get infected each month
  • Very high initial fatality - most infected chickens die before recovering
  • Complete egg loss - surviving infected chickens produce zero eggs
  • Even survivors lose a month of egg production while sick

Management Tips

  • There is no treatment - prevention is the only strategy
  • Sell infected birds quickly to limit spread and recover some value
  • Keep smaller flocks in separate pens to limit outbreak damage
  • Survivors gain 24-month immunity, creating a resistant flock over time
  • Chickens that survive gain immunity and will be your most valuable layers

Disease Settings

Two settings control diseases globally:

Setting Default Range Effect
Diseases Enabled On On/Off Toggles entire disease system
Disease Chance 1x 0.25–5x Scales infection probability

Reducing Disease Chance to 0.25x makes diseases much less common. Setting to 5x makes them much more frequent. Disabling diseases removes them entirely.